Birthdays
1566 - James VI of Scotland, child of Mary Queen of Scots and Lord Darnley. With Queen Elizabeth I dying childless, he becomes king of both Great Britain and Ireland.
1623 - Blaise Pascal, French philosopher, scientist, mathematician, inventor, writer and catholic theologian. He was a child prodigy who was educated by his father, a tax collector in Rouen. His earliest work was in the natural and applied sciences where he made important contributions to the study of fluids, and clarified the concepts of pressure and vacuum by generalising the work of Evangelista Torricelli. Pascal also wrote in defence of the scientific method. His notable ideas: Pascal's Wager and Pascal's Triangle, and the book Pensées, a collection of fragments on theology and philosophy. His religious conversion led him into a life of asceticism, and the Pensées was in many ways his life's work, representing his defense of the Christian religion. (Philosophy - Blaise Pascal. Uploaded by The Social Life. Accessed June 19, 2018.)
1717 - Johann Wenzel Anton Stamitz, Czech composer and violist (Jan Václav Antonín Stamic (later in life, in Mannheim, Germanized as Johann Wenzel Anton Stamitz). His two surviving sons, Carl and Anton Stamitz, both important composers of the Mannheim school of symphonists, of which their father is considered the founding father. The Mannheim school is considered to have a profound influence in Mozart's instrumental style. Johann Stamitz music is stylistically transitional between the Baroque and Classical periods. (Johann Stamitz' Sinfonia a Quattro in D major) performed by the New Dutch Academy Chamber Orchestra, with Simon Murphy, Director. Accessed June 19, 2018.)
1945 - Aung San Suu Kyi, Burmese (now Myanmar) human rights activist, politician, diplomat, author, and a 1991 Nobel Prize laureate. She is the leader of the National League for Democracy and the first and incumbent State Counsellor, a position akin to a prime minister. She played a vital role in the state's transition from military junta to partial democracy.
1947 - (Ahmed) Salman Rushdie FRSL, British Indian novelist and essayist. His second novel, Midnight's Children (1981), won the Booker Prize in 1981 and was deemed to be "the best novel of all winners" on two separate occasions, marking the 25th and the 40th anniversary of the prize.
1954 - (Mary) Kathleen Turner, American film & stage actress, and director. Known for her distinctive gritty voice, she won two Golden Globe Awards and nominated for an Academy Award. Turner has also worked in the theatre, and nominated for the Tony Award twice for her Broadway roles as Maggie in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof and as Martha in Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? Turner taught acting classes at New York University.
Lefties:
None known
More birthdays and historical events today, 19 June - On This Day.
1215 - The Magna Carta is sealed by King John, though reluctantly. It limits the absolute power of the king and gives more power to his barons. Clause 39 has a wider application than anticipated and becomes a fundamental precept of British law. It states: "No freeman shall be arrested or imprisoned or dispossessed or outlawed or banished or in any way molested, nor will we go upon him, nor send upon him, except by lawful judgement of his peers and the law of the land."
1536 - Anne Boleyn, the second wife of Henry VIII, is beheaded after accusations of adultery, which were almost certainly false. Shortly thereafter, Henry marries Jane Seymour.
1899 - Sir Edward Elgar's Enigma Variations premieres in London with Hans Richter conducting.
1870 - The rebel Southern States are readmitted to the U.S., marking the end of the Confederate States of America.
1912 - The eight-hour workday is established in the U.S. after being established in New Zealand and Australia in the 1840s and 1850s. Previously, the workday was commonly 10 hours long, and up to 16.
1978 - Ian Botham becomes the first cricketer in history to score a century and take eight wickets in one innings in a Test match.
1997 - McDonald's wins its "McLibel" case against two activists accusing it of providing unhealthy food. Still, the suit costs the company 10 million Pounds and years of bad publicity.
Resources:
Historical Events
1215 - The Magna Carta is sealed by King John, though reluctantly. It limits the absolute power of the king and gives more power to his barons. Clause 39 has a wider application than anticipated and becomes a fundamental precept of British law. It states: "No freeman shall be arrested or imprisoned or dispossessed or outlawed or banished or in any way molested, nor will we go upon him, nor send upon him, except by lawful judgement of his peers and the law of the land."
1536 - Anne Boleyn, the second wife of Henry VIII, is beheaded after accusations of adultery, which were almost certainly false. Shortly thereafter, Henry marries Jane Seymour.
1899 - Sir Edward Elgar's Enigma Variations premieres in London with Hans Richter conducting.
1870 - The rebel Southern States are readmitted to the U.S., marking the end of the Confederate States of America.
1912 - The eight-hour workday is established in the U.S. after being established in New Zealand and Australia in the 1840s and 1850s. Previously, the workday was commonly 10 hours long, and up to 16.
1978 - Ian Botham becomes the first cricketer in history to score a century and take eight wickets in one innings in a Test match.
1997 - McDonald's wins its "McLibel" case against two activists accusing it of providing unhealthy food. Still, the suit costs the company 10 million Pounds and years of bad publicity.
Resources:
1. Asiado, Tel. The World's Movers and Shapers. New Hampshire: Ore Mountain Publishing House (2005)
2. Britannica. www.britannica.com
3. Chambers Biographical Dictionary, 19th Ed. London: Chambers Harrap, 2011
4. Dateline. Sydney: Millennium House, (2006)
5. Grun, Bernard. The Timetables of History, New 3rd Revised Ed. Simon & Schuster/Touchstone (1991)
6. Wikipedia. en.wikipedia.org
(c) June 2007. Updated June 19, 2023. Tel. Inspired Pen Web. All rights reserved.
3. Chambers Biographical Dictionary, 19th Ed. London: Chambers Harrap, 2011
4. Dateline. Sydney: Millennium House, (2006)
5. Grun, Bernard. The Timetables of History, New 3rd Revised Ed. Simon & Schuster/Touchstone (1991)
6. Wikipedia. en.wikipedia.org
(c) June 2007. Updated June 19, 2023. Tel. Inspired Pen Web. All rights reserved.
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