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April 1 Dateline

Today, April 1, is April Fool's Day.  According to The Museum of Hoaxes, "The Origin of April Fool's Day",  references to April Fool's Day can be found as early as the 1500s, however, they were infrequent and tended to be vague and ambiguous.  Many theories have been put forward about how the tradition began. Unfortunately, none of them are very compelling. Therefore, the origin of the "custom of making April Fools" remains as much a mystery to us as it was back in 1708.

 

Birthdays


1866 - Ferruccio Busoni, Italian composer, pianist, and teacher. He met and had close relations with many of the leading musicians, artists and literary figures of his time, and he was sought-after both as a keyboard instructor and as composition teacher. Extremely prolific, he rejected his earlier works and embarked on a highly stylistic ones that incorporated Italianate, occult, virtuoso, post-Bachian polyphonic, and Mozartian elements. He is known for his masterpiece, the opera Doktor Faust, that dismisses Wagnerian music-drama in favour of a highly humanist, warmly lyrical, and a visionary aesthetic. (Busoni's Piano Concerto in C major, Op. 39. Marc-André Hamelin piano. Sibelius Hall, Lahti - 31st March 2001. Uploaded by AllegroModerato. Accessed April 1, 2019. Note: Busoni's Piano Concerto in C major, Op. 39 (BV 247), is one of the largest works ever written in this genre. The concerto lasts around 70 minutes, in 5 movements.)

1873 - Sergei Rachmaninoff (or Sergey Rakhmaninov), Russian composer, conductor of the late Romantic period, and virtuoso pianist. He becomes an American citizen shortly before he died. Some of his works are among the most popular in the Romantic repertoire.  Born into a musical family, Rachmaninoff took up the piano at age four. By the time he graduated from the Moscow Conservatory in 1892 he had already composed several piano and orchestral pieces. In 1897, following the negative critical reaction to his Symphony No. 1, Rachmaninoff entered a four-year depression and composed little until successful therapy allowed him to complete his enthusiastically received Piano Concerto No. 2 in 1901. For the next sixteen years, he conducted at the Bolshoi Theatre, and relocated to Dresden, Germany, then toured the United States for the first time.(Van Cliburn performs Rachmaninoff's Piano Concerto No. 2 in C minor, Op. 18, with Kirill Kondrashin conducting Moscow Philharmonic Orchestra. YouTube, uploaded by classical rarities. Accessed June 5, 2020.) 

1908 - Abraham Harold Maslow, American psychologist, best known for creating Maslow's hierarchy of needs, a theory of psychological health predicated on fulfilling innate human needs in priority, culminating in self-actualization. He was a psychology professor at various colleges and universities in the U.S. Maslow stressed the importance of focusing on the positive qualities in people, as opposed to treating them as a "bag of symptoms". A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Maslow as the tenth most cited psychologist of the 20th century.

1909 - Eddy Duchin, American pianist and orchestra leader, famous in jazz circle and was a bandleader during his time. Playing what later came to be called "sweet" music rather than jazz, Duchin opened a similarly styled, piano-playing sweet bandleaders such as Henry King, Joe Reichman, Little Jack Little, and particularly Carmen Cavallaro who acknowledged Duchin's influence, to compete with the large jazz bands for radio time and record sales.

1917 - Dinu Lipatti (born Dinu Constantin Lipatti), Romanian Classical pianist and composer whose career was cut short by his death from causes related to Hodgkin's disease at age 33. He was elected posthumously to the Romanian Academy. (Listen to his beautiful interpretation of Mozart's famous Piano Concerto No. 21 in C, K.467. Uploaded by scartatum. Accessed April 1, 2018.)

1922 - William Manchester, American author, historian and biographer, known for The Glory and the Dream. He was the author of 18 books which have been translated into over 20 languages. He was awarded the National Humanities Medal and the Abraham Lincoln Literary Award.

1940 - Wangari Muta Maathai, Kenyan social, environmental and political activist and the first African woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004. She was educated in the United States at Mount St. Scholastica and the University of Pittsburgh, as well as the University of Nairobi in Kenya.

Leftie:
Composer Sergei (Sergey) Rachmaninoff (Rakhmaninov)
 
More birthdays and historical events, April 1 - On This Day

 
Features:

1.  Rachmaninoff and Busoni

2.  Sergey Rachmaninov (Rachmaninoff) and his popular "Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini, Op. 43" performed by pianist/composer Stephen Hough.



Historical Events


1747 - George F. Handel's oratorio Judas Maccabaeus is first performed in London.

1826 - The internal combustion engine is patented by U.S. inventor Samuel Morey. It meets with disinterest during Morey's lifetime and is not used in automobiles until the 1890s.

March 31 Dateline

Birthdays


1596 - René Descartes, French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist. A native of the Kingdom of France, he spent about 20 years of his life in the Dutch Republic after serving for a while in the Dutch States Army of Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange and the Stadtholder of the United Provinces. His famous quote: "Cogito ergo sum." (I think; therefore I am.) Philosophy - Rene Descartes. Uploaded by The School of Life. Accessed October 28, 2015.

1685 - Johann Sebastian Bach (31 March O.S. and  21 March N.S.) German composer and musician of the late Baroque period. See my entry for March 21 Dateline: Johann Sebastian Bach

1732 - Franz Joseph Haydn, Austrian composer of the Classical period. He was instrumental in the development of chamber music such as the piano trio. His contributions to musical form have earned him the epithets "Father of the Symphony" and "Father of the String Quartet". Haydn spent much of his career as a court musician for the wealthy Esterházy family at their remote estate. Until the later part of his life, this isolated him from other composers and trends in music so that he was, as he put it, "forced to become original". Yet his music circulated widely, and for much of his career he was the most celebrated composer in Europe. He was a friend and mentor of Wolfgang A. Mozart, a tutor of Ludwig van Beethoven, and the older brother of composer Michael Haydn.

1872Sergei Pavlovich Diaghilev (referred to outside Russia as Serge Diaghilev), Russian art promoter, art critic, patron, ballet impresario and founder of the Ballets Russes, from which many famous dancers and choreographers would arise. He revitalised ballet by integrating the ideas of other art forms - music, painting, and drama - with those of the dance. From 1906 he lived in Paris, where in 1909 he founded the Ballets Russes. Then he toured Europe and the Americas with his ballet company; he produced three ballet masterpieces by Igor Stravinsky: The Firebird (1910), Petrushka (1911), and The Rite of Spring (1913). He collaborated with other composers, including: Ravel, Debussy, Satie, Falla and Prokofiev; and a close relationship with such artists as Picasso, Rouault and Bakst, and choreographers Fokine, Nizhinsky, Massin and Balanchine. (Diaghilev and the Ballet Russes. Uploaded by National Gallery of Art. Accessed March 31, 2015. Please note: Read the comment of John Borstlap (Great comment! Couldn't agree more with him! And a book suggested by Dennis Chiapello.) 30 Interesting Facts about Diaghilev. Uploaded by Study Guides. Accessed March 31, 2018)

1914 - Octavio Paz, Mexican poet, diplomat, and critic, best known for The Other Mexico and The Bow and the Lyre. For his body of work, he was awarded the 1981 Miguel de Cervantes Prize, the 1982 Neustadt International Prize for Literature, and the 1990 Nobel Prize in Literature. 

1922 - Richard Paul Kiley, American stage, film and television actor and singer, best known for his "sonorous baritone" voice and distinguished theatrical career winning twice the Tony Award for Best Actor in a Musical. He created the role of Don Quixote in the original 1965 production of the Broadway musical Man of La Mancha and was the first to sing and record "The Impossible Dream". In the 1953 hit musical Kismet, he played the Caliph in the original Broadway cast and was one of the quartet who sang "And This Is My Beloved". Kiley won four Emmy Awards and two Golden Globe Awards during his 50-year career.
  
1934 - Shirley Mae Jones, American actress and singer. In her six decades in show business, she has starred as wholesome characters in a number of musical films, such as Oklahoma!, Carousel, and The Music Man. She won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for playing a vengeful prostitute in Elmer Gantry. She played the lead role of Shirley Partridge, the widowed mother of five children, in the musical situation-comedy television series The Partridge Family (1970–1974), which co-starred her real-life stepson, David Cassidy, son of Jack Cassidy. (Rodgers & Hammerstein's Carousel - 1956 - If I loved you duet. Beautiful Duet with Gordon MacRae and Shirely Jones. YouTube, uploaded by Anjaxo. Accessed March 30, 2021.)

1943 - Christopher Walken, (born Ronald Walken), American actor, who has appeared in more than 100 films and television programs, including Annie Hall, The Deer Hunter, A View to a Kill, Batman Returns, True Romance, Catch Me If You Can, Hairspray, and Irreplaceable You, among many others. He has received a number of awards and nominations, including the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for The Deer Hunter. He was nominated for the same award and won BAFTA and Screen Actors Guild Awards for Catch Me If You Can. Walken has also played the lead in the Shakespeare plays Hamlet, Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, and Coriolanus. Walken debuted as a film director and screenwriter with the 2001 short film Popcorn Shrimp. He also wrote and played the lead role in the 1995 play Him about his idol Elvis Presley.

1971 - Ewan Gordon McGregor, Scottish actor who has starred in various film and musical roles. Among many others, he has portrayed character roles in drama films, poet Christian in the musical film Moulin Rouge!, young Edward Bloom in Big Fish, "the ghost" in The Ghost Writer, Lumière in the live-action adaptation of the musical romantic fantasy Beauty and the Beast, the adult version in the fantasy comedy-drama Christopher Robin, and Black Mask in the superhero film Birds of Prey. McGregor won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Miniseries or TV Film for his performance in the third season of FX anthology series Fargo, and received Golden Globe nominations for Best Actor – Musical or Comedy for both Moulin Rouge! and Salmon Fishing in the Yemen. McGregor has served as an ambassador for UNICEF UK since 2004. In 2013 he was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for services to drama and charity. In 2016 he received the BAFTA Britannia Humanitarian Award.

Lefties:
Actress Shirley Jones

More birthdays and historical events, March 31 - On This Day
 
 
Listen to Haydn's Hob III:49 - String Quartet Op. 50. 50 No. 6 in D major. YouTube, uploaded by ComposersbyNumbers. (Accessed March 31, 2017). Although famous for his orchestral works, Haydn was also the first master of the string quartet, a teacher of both Mozart (his young friend) and Beethoven, for a brief period.



Historical Events


1814 - Paris surrenders to Russian and Prussian forces, the first time the city ha been taken by foreign forces in 4 centuries. Deserted by most of his generals, Napoleon Bonaparte is forced to abdicate on April 6 and is taken into exile on Elba on April 20.

1889 - The Eiffel Tower is officially opened. Gustave Eiffel, its designer, climbs the 1710 stairs to unfurl the French flag from the third level.